know before you go

AFRICA
Know Before You Go/Traveling Tips
-Climate/Weather
African Climate ranges from tropical to sub arctic. The northern half of it is mainly a desert, while the central and southern part of it contains both savanna plains and very opaque jungle.


-Language
Africa got the most number of languages in the entire continent of the world. Studies said Africa contains over a thousand languages (while some estimated it to over two thousand languages). However, there are four major language families native to African continent.

* Afro-Asiatic language - consists of 240 languages and has 285 million users throughout the Horn of Africa, North Africa, the Sahel, and Southwest Asia.
* Nilo-Saharan language – consist of more than a hundred languages and used by 30 million people of Nilotic tribes in Chad, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda, and northern Tanzania.
* Niger-Congo language – this is actually the largest language family in the world in terms of different languages and this is widely used in Sub-Sahara Africa.
* Khoisan language – consist of about fifty languages and used in Southern part of Africa with around 120,000 people. Studies show that the Khoi and the San people are known to be the original inhabitants of Southern Africa. Nevertheless, many of the Khoisan languages are now consider as endangered.

Countries of Africa, its Capital, Currency, Official Language, and Area.

Name (official name)
Capital
Currency
Official languages
Area (km²)

Algeria[3] (People's Democratic Republic of Algeria) Algiers
Algerian dinar
Arabic
2,381,740
Angola[4] (Republic of Angola) Luanda
Kwanza
Portuguese
1,246,700
Benin[5] (Republic of Benin) Porto Novo
West African CFA franc
French
112,622
Botswana[6] (Republic of Botswana) Gaborone
Pula
English, Setswana
581,726
Burkina Faso[7]
Ouagadougou
West African CFA franc
French
274,000
Burundi[8] (Republic of Burundi) Bujumbura
Burundi franc
Kirundi, French, Swahili
27,830
Cameroon[9] (Republic of Cameroon) Yaoundé
Central African CFA franc
French, English
475,442
Canary Islands (Spain)[10][n 1]
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Euro
Spanish
7,447
Cape Verde[11] (Republic of Cape Verde) Praia
Cape Verdean escudo
Portuguese
4,033
Central African Republic[12] (Central African Republic) Bangui
Central African CFA franc
Sango, French
622,984
Ceuta (Spain)[10][n 1]
Ceuta Euro
Spanish
28
Chad[13] (Republic of Chad) N'Djamena
Central African CFA franc
French, Arabic
1,284,000
Comoros[14] (Union of the Comoros) Moroni
Comorian franc
Arabic, French
2,235
Côte d'Ivoire[15] (Republic of Côte d'Ivoire) Yamoussoukro
Abidjan
West African CFA franc
French
322,460
Democratic Republic of the Congo[16][n 2] (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Kinshasa
Congolese franc
French
2,344,858
Djibouti[17] (Republic of Djibouti) Djibouti
Djiboutian Franc
Arabic, French
23,200
Egypt[18][n 3] (Arab Republic of Egypt) Cairo
Egyptian Pound
Arabic
1,001,449
Equatorial Guinea[19] (Republic of Equatorial Guinea) Malabo
Central African CFA franc
Spanish, French, Portuguese
28,051
Eritrea[20] (State of Eritrea) Asmara
Nakfa
None at national level 117,600
Ethiopia[21] (Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia) Addis Ababa
Birr
Amharic
1,104,300
Gabon[22] (Gabonese Republic) Libreville
Central African CFA franc
French
267,668
Gambia[23] (Republic of The Gambia) Banjul
Dalasi
English
10,380
Ghana[24] (Republic of Ghana) Accra
Ghanaian cedi
English
238,534
Guinea[25] (Republic of Guinea) Conakry
Guinean franc
French
245,857
Guinea-Bissau[26] (Republic of Guinea-Bissau) Bissau
West African CFA franc
Portuguese
36,125
Kenya[27] (Republic of Kenya) Nairobi
Kenyan shilling
Swahili, English
580,367
Lesotho[28] (Kingdom of Lesotho) Maseru
Loti
Southern Sotho, English
30,355
Liberia[29] (Republic of Liberia) Monrovia
Liberian dollar
English
111,369
Libya[30] (Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya) Tripoli
Libyan dinar
Arabic
1,759,540
Madagascar[31] (Republic of Madagascar) Antananarivo
Malagasy ariary
Malagasy, French, English
587,041
Madeira (Portugal)[n 4]
Funchal
Euro
Portuguese
828
Malawi[32] (Republic of Malawi) Lilongwe
Malawian kwacha
English, Chichewa
118,484
Mali[33] (Republic of Mali) Bamako
West African CFA franc
French
1,240,192
Mauritania[34] (Islamic Republic of Mauritania) Nouakchott
Mauritanian ouguiya
Arabic
1,030,700
Mauritius[35] (Republic of Mauritius) Port Louis
Mauritian rupee
English
2,040
Mayotte[36] (France)[n 5]
Mamoudzou
Euro
French
374
Melilla (Spain)[n 1](Autonomous City of Melilla) N/A Euro
Spanish
20
Morocco[37] (Kingdom of Morocco) Rabat
Moroccan dirham
Arabic
446,550
Mozambique[38] (Republic of Mozambique) Maputo
Mozambican metical
Portuguese
801,590
Namibia[39] (Republic of Namibia) Windhoek
Namibian dollar
English
825,418
Niger[40] ( Republic of Niger) Niamey
West African CFA franc
French, Hausa
1,267,000
Nigeria[41] (Federal Republic of Nigeria) Abuja
Nigerian naira
English
923,768
Republic of the Congo[42][n 6] (Republic of the Congo) Brazzaville
Central African CFA franc
French
342,000
Réunion (France)[n 5]
Saint-Denis
Euro
French
2,512
Rwanda[43] (Republic of Rwanda) Kigali
Rwandan franc
Kinyarwanda, French, English
26,798
Saint Helena[44]
Jamestown
Saint Helenian pound
English
3,926
São Tomé and Príncipe[45] (Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe) São Tomé
São Tomé and Príncipe Dobra
Portuguese
964
Senegal[46] (Republic of Senegal) Dakar
West African CFA franc
French
196,723
Seychelles[47] (Republic of Seychelles) Victoria
Seychellois rupee
English, French, Seychellois Creole
451
Sierra Leone[48] (Republic of Sierra Leone) Freetown
Leone
English
71,740
Somalia[49] (Somali Republic) Mogadishu
Somali shilling
Somali
637,661
South Africa[50] (Republic of South Africa) Pretoria (executive)
Bloemfontein (judicial)
Cape Town (legislative) South African rand
Afrikaans, English, Southern Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu
1,221,037
Sudan[51] (Republic of Sudan) Khartoum
Sudanese pound
Arabic, English
2,505,813
Swaziland[52] (Kingdom of Swaziland) Lobamba (royal and legislative)
Mbabane (administrative) Lilangeni
English, Swati
17,364
Tanzania[53] (United Republic of Tanzania) Dar es Salaam (traditional capital)
Dodoma (legislative) Tanzanian shilling
Swahili, English
945,087
Togo[54] (Togolese Republic) Lomé
West African CFA franc
French
56,785
Tunisia[55] (Tunisian Republic) Tunis
Tunisian dinar
Arabic
163,610
Uganda[56] ( Republic of Uganda) Kampala
Ugandan shilling
English, Swahili
236,040
Western Sahara (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)[n 7]
El Aaiún (Moroccan), Bir Lehlou (temporary)[n 8]
Moroccan dirham
N/A.[n 9]
267,405
Zambia[57] (Republic of Zambia) Lusaka
Zambian kwacha
English
752,614
Zimbabwe[58] (Republic of Zimbabwe) Harare
Zimbabwean dollar
Shona, Ndebele, English
390,757








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